Icariin, the active component of the herb Horny Goat Weed (Epimedium), has been extensively researched for its potential health benefits, especially concerning heart function and circulation.
This article explains the scientific insights regarding icariin's effect on the cardiovascular system.
What is Icariin and Horny Goat Weed?
Horny Goat Weed, a traditional Chinese herb known scientifically as Epimedium, contains several active components, with icariin being the most prominent.
Icariin is a flavonoid, a class of antioxidants known for their various health benefits.
Historically, Horny Goat Weed has been used for various medicinal purposes, including improving sexual function and combating fatigue.
Benefits on the Cardiovascular System
There are several benefits associated with horny goat weed and icariin on the heart and blood vessels of the body.
Cardioprotective Effects: Icariin demonstrates significant protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury in the heart, partly due to its antioxidative and anti-apoptotic capabilities, and involvement in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. (1)
Enhancement of Blood Flow: Effective in increasing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular blood flow, icariin aids in improving circulation and heart health. (2)
Anti-atherosclerotic Functions: Exhibiting multiple atheroprotective functions, icariin helps in attenuating DNA damage, correcting endothelial dysfunction, and preventing platelet activation, among other effects. (3)
How It Works
The findings from several scientific studies provide a comprehensive understanding of its effects.
1. Cardioprotective Effect
Icariin shows significant cardioprotective effects against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat hearts.
These effects are attributed to its antioxidative and anti-apoptotic properties, partially facilitated through the activation of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. (1)
Icariin's effect on cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury is notable, particularly its ability to activate the PI3K/Akt/eNOS-dependent signal pathways, suggesting its potential as a drug for angiogenic therapy. (1)
2. Improvement in Cardiovascular Blood Flow
Icariin is effective in increasing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular blood flow, showcasing its potential in treating heart-related issues. (2)
3. Attenuation of Sirtuin 1-dependent Mitochondrial Oxidative Damage
The protective role of icariin in cardiac I/R injury is further highlighted by its effect on sirtuin-1, a histone deacetylase that plays a protective role in I/R injury. (5)
4. Anti-atherosclerotic Properties
Icariin has shown multiple atheroprotective functions all contributing to its broad atheroprotective effects, including: (3)
attenuating DNA damage
correcting endothelial dysfunction
preventing platelet activation
5. Blockade of Sodium and Calcium Channels
It acts as a multichannel blocker affecting sodium and calcium channels in the myocardium, indicating potential as a class I and IV antiarrhythmic drug. (6)
6. Inhibition of Reactive Oxygen Species-dependent Pathways
Icariin attenuates Angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes by inhibiting reactive oxygen species-dependent JNK and p38 pathways, showcasing its potential in cardiovascular protection. (7)
7. Mitochondrial and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathways
Icariin reduces blood pressure and improves cardiac function by decreasing apoptosis in cardiomyocytes through down-regulating mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related apoptosis pathways. (8)
Dosage
Based on existing research, a typical icariin dosage might range from 20mg to 1,500mg, varying with individual body weight and the purity of the supplement.
It's advisable to begin with a lower dosage and gradually increase it. Consulting a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement is always recommended.
GYMYETIs horny goat weed blend offers 100mg of icariin per serving.
In animal studies, testosterone-boosting effects were observed in rats at a dosage of 200mg/kg of a 40% extract, equivalent to 80mg/kg icariin.
Translating these dosages to human equivalents based on body weight, the estimated doses are approximately:
900mg Icariin for a person weighing 150lb
1,200mg Icariin for a person weighing 200lb
1,500mg Icariin for a person weighing 250lb
For studies using lower icariin dosages (1-10mg/kg), the equivalent human dosages are about:
11-110mg Icariin for a 150lb person
15-150mg Icariin for a 200lb person
18-180mg Icariin for a 250lb person
A human study focusing on postmenopausal women and bone health found that a daily dose of 60mg icariin was effective.
Potential Side Effects and Considerations
Though commonly deemed safe for use, there are potential adverse effects and cautions associated with Horny Goat Weed, particularly when used excessively or in high doses.
A specific horny goat weed extract with phytoestrogens has been safely used for up to 2 years, while another extract with icariin has been used safely for up to 6 months.
However, certain types of horny goat weed might be unsafe when taken for extended periods or in large doses.
This is why it's recommended to stick with a reputable brand such as GYMYETI our vetted and trusted partner.
Conclusion
Icariin, derived from Horny Goat Weed, shows promising benefits in heart health, particularly in enhancing cardiac protection, circulation, and combating atherosclerosis.
While its usage is generally safe, understanding the appropriate dosage and potential side effects is crucial for optimal benefits.
Further research could provide more insights into the full spectrum of icariin's therapeutic potential.
References
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This evidence-based analysis of horny goat weed on the cardiovascular system features 19 references, listed below.
The information provided in this article is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a physician or other competent professional before following advice or taking any supplement. See our terms and conditions.